Subscription and Recurring-Access Models

Named models that capture revenue through an ongoing periodic payment or a tiered free-versus-paid access structure rather than a single one-time sale, including subscription pricing, software delivered and billed as a service, a free base tier upgraded through payment, a free-to-play structure monetized after entry, and loyalty programs that reward continued patronage. Belongs here: any model whose defining act is recurring payment or graduated access over time. Does not belong here: a single-transaction sale through a fixed channel, grouped under Direct Sales and Distribution Channels, or temporary use of a physical asset without a subscription structure, grouped under Usage and Access-Based Models.