MMC Norilsk Nickel PJSC

MMC Norilsk Nickel PJSC, commonly known as Nornickel, is a Russian mining and metallurgical company headquartered in Moscow. Its operations originate from mining and smelting facilities established in the Soviet industrial city of Norilsk in Siberia beginning in the 1930s, developed initially under forced labor during the Stalin era before later becoming an ordinary state industrial enterprise and then a privatized public company in the 1990s. Nornickel is the world's largest producer of refined nickel and palladium, and a major producer of platinum and copper, drawn primarily from its Arctic Siberian operations.